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Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 29(4): 497-503, 2014. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-832

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O melanoma cutâneo maligno (MCM) constitui cerca de 5% dos tumores cutâneos malignos e apresenta crescente incidência e alta letalidade. O objetivo deste estudo é rever as características clínicas, epidemiológicas e anatomopatológicas do MCM em pacientes tratados nos serviços de Cirurgia Plástica e Anatomia Patológica de um hospital geral. Método: Dados de 45 pacientes, correspondendo a 47 lesões, tratados entre 2011 e 2013, foram revisados. Estudou-se: gênero e idade dos pacientes, localização e características histopatológicas das lesões. Resultados: Vinte e quatro pacientes eram do gênero masculino e 21 do feminino. A média de idade à consulta foi de 61,9 anos. Vinte e quatro neoplasias localizaramse nas extremidades, 14 acometeram o tronco e nove a face. Quanto ao diagnóstico histológico, 34,0% dos tumores consistiu-se em melanoma in situ e 66,0% em melanoma invasor. Neste grupo, 14 lesões correspondiam ao tipo nodular, 12 ao extensivo superficial, três ao acral lentiginoso e dois ao lentigo maligno. A biópsia de linfonodo sentinela foi realizada em 14 melanomas invasores, com positividade em quatro procedimentos. Dentre as linfadenectomias realizadas, quatro mostraram-se positivas para metástase. No momento do diagnóstico, quatro pacientes apresentavam metástase em trânsito e três com metástase linfonodal. Recidiva tumoral local foi verificada em dois casos. Em relação ao estadiamento, 14 pacientes encontravam-se no estádio 0, 11 no I, 10 no II e 10 no III. Conclusão: Os dados deste estudo corroboram os achados da literatura. O diagnóstico e tratamento cirúrgico precoce permanecem o melhor caminho para o aumento da sobrevida.


Introduction: Malignant cutaneous melanoma (MCM) comprises nearly 5% of all malignant cutaneous tumors and shows increasing incidence and a high mortality. The objective of this study is to review the clinical, epidemiological, and anatomopathological characteristics of MCM in patients treated at the plastic surgery and pathological anatomy services of a general hospital. Method: Data corresponding to 47 lesions from 45 patients treated between 2011 and 2013 were reviewed. We analyzed the sex and age of patients, as well as the site and histopathological characteristics of the lesions. Results: A total of 24 patients were men and 21 were women. Their average age at the medical appointment was 61.9 years. Twenty-four neoplasias were in the extremities, 14 in the torso, and 9 in the face. Concerning histological diagnosis, 34.0% of the tumors were in situ melanoma and 66.0% were invasive melanoma. In the latter group, 14 lesions corresponded to the nodular melanoma type, 12 to the superficial spreading, three to the acral lentiginous, and two to the malignant lentigo melanoma type. Sentinel node biopsy was performed in 14 invasive melanomas, with 4 being positive. Among the lymphadenectomies performed, four were positive for metastasis. At diagnosis, four patients showed in-transit metastasis, whereas three patients had lymph node metastasis. Local tumor relapse was observed in two cases. Concerning tumor staging, 14 patients were in stage 0, 11 in stage I, 10 in stage II, and 10 in stage III. Conclusion: The data from this study support the findings described in the literature. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment remain the best way to increase survival.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , History, 21st Century , Skin Neoplasms , Wounds and Injuries , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Evaluation Study , Melanoma , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Retrospective Studies , Melanoma/surgery , Melanoma/pathology , Melanoma/drug therapy , Melanoma/epidemiology
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